STARofLIFE
Union County, NJ
Male, 24
I have been a certified Emergency Medical Technician (E.M.T.) for over 6 years. I am the true "first responder" and have been dispatched to over 1,000 calls including medical, trauma, and psychiatric emergencies. How do I handle the stress and what goes on in my mind when YOUR life is on the line? Find out by asking me anything!
First off, this policy varies by organization. State law requires at minimum a certified EMT and a certified EVOC (emergency vehicle operations course) driver per ambulance. My squad requires at least TWO state certified EMT who are also EVOC certified per crew. Thus, both members are able to provide medical care and drive the ambulance. To answer your question, I can either drive the ambulance or provide patient care. Usually, my partner and I will simply take turns driving. We alternate. There is often a "probationary" member who is either certified or not certified. This member just observes and acts as an extra pair of hands to help lift the patient and transport equipment. The idea is that this "probationary" member will become a regular member after receiving state certification and passing the squad's training program.
Legally, every person riding in the ambulance must have a seat belt. This means that we technically have capacity for 5 more people besides the treating EMT and patient. We have no official policy on how many chaperons can ride along. However, we usually just allow one extra person to keep things simple. When we deal with special populations (kids or psychiatric patients), we usually allow two or more chaperones to take the ride. I have never had any serious drama or fights with a person who wanted to ride but was not allowed to.
Luckily, this has never happened to me. However, when it does happen, the consequences tend to be grave. The fact that ambulances run red lights and disobey the rules of the road make driving an ambulance a very difficult task. I encourage everyone who is reading this to PLEASE pull over for an ambulance, fire truck or police car even if the vehicle is on the other side of the road. You wouldn't believe how many cars won't yield to me! It's dangerous and drives me crazy. I actually responded to an ambulance accident once, which is ironic. A car in front of the ambulance stopped short and because of momentum, a small fender bender occurred. Fortunately, no one was hurt. We transported the original patient to the hospital.
Good question. This problem is unfortunately much more common in society now-a-days (the obesity rate rose in EVERY SINGLE STATE last year with a few states having around 30% of their population qualifying as obese). Our squad just purchased new, electronic stretchers that can accommodate up to 700 pounds. Now, I'm not exactly sure if a 700 lb. person can fit in the ambulance. I'd guess that would be quite difficult. I would guess that the biggest person we could transport in the ambulance comfortably would be about 500 pounds. Again, just a guess. Now if we had an emergency for a 700 lb. person, we would be calling the fire department for a lift assist. This is often an important role for firemen. When we need "muscle" for heavy lifting jobs, we call our fire department. If we needed to transport a 700 lb. man and he couldn't fit in the ambulance. I would think that we could try to transport him in the fire truck. This vehicle has much more room.
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How much do promo girls at convention booths get paid?I have never had a patient die in front of me. I have, however, responded to patients who are DOA (dead on arrival). This has only happened a few times to me and each time I was responding to a nursing home. Each person deals with death as an EMT differently. However, if the situation was particularly traumatic of difficult (death of child) we are required to attend a small group counseling session. Personally, I am not bothered by these types of situations.
While it is tempting, I have never done this. I would imagine we would get in trouble with the police. Interestingly, there are no rules on when you should or shouldn't use the siren. Many times if I am transporting a patient who is not having an acute medical emergency, I will drive to the hospital without lights or sirens. Driving with lights and sirens is the most dangerous thing I do as an EMT. While it is fun and exciting, I care more about transporting my patient and my crew to the hospital as safely and securely as possible. Furthermore, when responding to psychiatric emergencies, we do not use the lights and sirens as to not agitate or scare the patient. One time, after picking up food, I accidentally turned the emergency lights on without knowing it. I was confused as to why the cars in front of me were all pulling over. I then realized what I had done and quickly shut them off. This was during the daytime when its hard to see the lights from inside the ambulance.
No, I do not think 18 is too young to become an EMT. To tell you the truth, I've met a few 40- or 50-year-old EMTs who I would be a little hesitant to let treat me in a life-threatening emergency. Being a "smart" or "responsible" EMT comes down to one thing, EXPERIENCE. How can an 18 year old be experienced in anything? Let me explain. In New Jersey, one can obtain a provisional EMT license by taking taking a course and passing the state exam as young as 16 years old. This allows the 16-year-old EMT to join volunteer squads and "ride-along" as a probationary member. Once this EMT turns 18, he or she will have had two years of experience, which is a good amount in the volunteer business. Furthermore, there's no reason to believe that an adult can't come to a mature and independent decision better than an 18-year-old. This is what the EMT course teaches: acute medical decision making based on signs and symptoms. During training, the student needs to pass both didactic and practical examinations many times. This prepares anyone who passes the state exam to handle life threatening emergencies. Finally, my volunteer squad requires at least two certified and experienced EMTs per ambulance. Any member who joins my squad needs to pass our own training process which lasts anywhere from a few months to a few years before they are allowed to take calls with only one other riding member. This policy varies between organizations but the fundamental nature is still the same. The idea is to make sure the member has enough experience and is trusted by the other members before they are allowed to handle a life-threatening emergency by themselves. In conclusion, I encourage anybody older than 16 to apply to become an EMT with confidence.
Yes, we treat anyone and everyone. We are a volunteer squad and run entirely off of tax-deductible donations. The real issue is with the MICU (Mobile Intensive Care Unit) Paramedics. These are emergency health care providers who are dispatched by the hospital and can provide a much greater level of care than the EMT. As soon as the Paramedics begin an examination, a large bill (around $1,000) is generated. Now, Paramedics would never deny treatment based on insurance needs in the field. To the best of my knowledge, the patient is billed and must pay out of pocket. The patient could apply for charity care or work something else out.
This is a question I am always asked. Generally, I would say burns or car accidents are pretty horrific and gruesome. However, my most traumatic call involved a construction worker putting up a ceiling fan in a new house. The worker lost his balance and fell off his ladder. He managed to catch his wrist on an jagged piece of porcelain sink. He cut through both his radial and ulnar arteries (the arteries in the wrist suicide victims use). He literally was pumping blood out of these arteries every time his heart beat. I quickly elevated his arm and applied direct pressure to the wound. However, the injury was so severe that we could not control his bleeding. At this point, the floor of the ambulance was covered in blood, as were my pants. I could actually smell the iron from the hemoglobin as the blood clotted on the floor. That's how much blood this guy was losing. On the way to the hospital, the paramedics started two IV fluid bags and I still was squeezing the patients forearm. We drove him to the state level 1 trauma center and rolled him right into the OR for the vascular surgery team to begin to save his life. Unfortunately, I never found out if this patient lived or died. This is the nature of EMT work.
Yes, you are absolutely correct in your last statement. We get many 911 calls from nervous parents or elderly patients who are not having an acute medical emergency. This certainly doesn't mean that they don't need treatment. It's just that they don't need the ambulance to transport them immediately. Here's how transportation works. We cannot legally force someone to go the the hospital with us. This would qualify as kidnapping or false imprisonment. Note, this does not hold true for minors without parental consent or psychiatric patients. Any patient who is over 18, coherent and not a threat to themselves/other can sign an RMA (refuse medical attention) form. This form states that they would not like to be transported with us the the hospital. We can still treat the patient and the patient has the right to call us back whenever they fell the need to.
Let me put it this way. You could either be riding around in fully stocked, state-of-the-art ambulance or a mid-range Ferrari. Although, I don't think patients would appreciate a Ferrari showing up during their heart attack. Don't quote me on these numbers but the ambulance body itself costs about $70,000. The real cost is all the expensive equipment which makes it a life saving vehicle and not just a van. A fully stocked ambulance includes a high powered radio system, lights/sirens/air-horns, oxygen delivery system and a high powered vacuum for airway suction to name a few. Next, we need to decal the ambulance with our town colors and name. Finally, we need to add all of the medical equipment such as cardiac defibrillator, portable oxygen tank and radios, portable suction, stretcher and tons of bandages, band-aids, gauze etc..... When it's all said and done you're looking at a cost of $175,000 to $250,000 per ambulance. One more thing, these things are fuel guzzlers!
EMTs cannot pronounce a patient dead. There are, however, two exceptions. These exceptions are when obvious death (decapitation) occurs or severe rigor mortis is seen. Therefore, if we think a patient may have just expired before our arrival or en route to the hospital, we will continue life saving measure (CPR, cardiac defibrillation, mechanical ventilation) until we arrive at the hospital. This scenario changes when we are working the the MICU (mobile intensive care unit) Paramedics. The paramedics have a much advanced level of training and are certified to pronounce death in consultation with a physician over the phone. If the paramedics pronounce a patient on scene, we are not allowed to transport the patient in the ambulance. The medical examiner must come before we are released. If a patient expires while in the back of an ambulance, we would either continue on the hospital or pull over and wait for the medical examiner to claim the body.
There are opportunities for both paid and volunteer EMT positions. The distribution varies by state. Let me give you an example of how it usually works in New Jersey.... In the state of New Jersey, most squads are volunteer based. In my town, when a call comes in and we don't have a crew to respond, a county EMS squad is dispatched. This county EMS squad is paid to respond to any town in the county who is short on EMS crews. There are also EMT companies, MONOC and On-Time in NJ, who hire paid EMTs. These companies mostly do transports of patients to and from private residences and between hospitals. These companies don't do emergency calls. MONOC is contracted by the state to provide EMS for large scale functions, such as concerts at PNC Bank Arts Center.
I don't have statistics on this (even though they certainly exist). Off the top of my head, I'd say our average response time is between 5 and 7 minutes. This would obviously vary based on the location of the call and traffic. Yes you heard me correctly, traffic. Even though we have the red lights and sirens, traffic still requires us to slow down and navigate it slowly and safely. Luckily, our squad building is right smack in the middle of town. This cuts down on average response time across the whole town. When a call comes in, I'm immediately out the door! You wouldn't believe how many of my EMT colleagues take their time out the door. Sometimes, we are dead asleep, or in the shower or in the middle of dinner. On any given call, we make take a little longer to get going but this usually doesn't grossly effect our response time.
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